Perbedaan Proses Bisnis Ekonomi Konvensional dan Ekonomi Syariah

pada kesempatan kali ini saya akan berpendapat tentang perbedaan antara proses bisnis ekonomi konvensional dan ekonomi syariah. pengertian ekonomi konvensional secara umum yaitu dalam ekonomi konvensional di kenal adanya bunga dan dapat di lihat dari perjanjian kreditnya yang di kenal dengan perjanjian baku biasanya yaitu suatu perjanjian yang di buat sepihak dan di persiapkan terlebih dahulu oleh suatu bank tertentu sebelum nasabah mendatangi bank tertentu tersebut. sedangkan ekonomi syariah tidak mengenal adanya bunga tetapi lebih kepada bagi hasil atau pembiayaan mudharabah dan selalu membuat perjanjian atau akad yang di buat oleh kedua pihak antara bank dan nasabah untuk tidak saling merugikan.
pada tahun 1997 ekonomi konvensional mengalami penurunan yang berdampak negatif bagi perekonomian nasional hal ini terjadi pada pemerintahan orde baru yang berimbas pada kepercayaan nasabah terhadap bank-bank konvensional turun secara drastis.

Di antara sekian banyak bank yang beroperasi di Indonesia hanya satu yang dinilai mampu bertahan dan tetap kokoh menghadapi gelombang krisis ekonomi yang menerpa bangsa Indoensia yaitu, bank Mu’amalat. Sistem bagi hasil (mudharabah) yang menjadi asas utama dalam transaksi (‘aqad) bank tersebut ternyata dinilai cukup efektif untuk meminimalisir kerugian kedua belah pihak (pihak bank dan nasabahnya). Kekuatan bank Mu’amalat ternyata bukan terletak pada besarnya rasio kecukupan modal yang dimilikinya, tetapi justru terdapat pada sistem lose and profit sharing(untung dan rugi bagi sama) yang diterapkannya. Dari aspek etos kerja, sistem ini dapat memacu kedua belah pihak untuk tetap menggunakan modalnya dalam koridor bisinis produktif dan sedapat mungkin menghindari bisnis konsumtif yang justru dapat mengurangi modal yang telah dimiliki.

Bercermin kepada keberhasilan bank Mu’amalat tersebut, para ahli ekonomi kemudian secara perlahan mengubah orientasi pemikirannya ke arah paradigma ekonomi Islam yang dianggap lebih meyakinkan dan menjanjikan. Bahkan lebih jauh dari itu, beberapa bank konvensional saat ini telah memiliki bank Syari’ah seperti bank Syari’ah Mandiri dan bank Syari’ah BNI. Jumlah ini diperkirakan akan semakin bertambah seiring dengan akan disyahkannya Undang-undang Tentang Perbankan Syari’ah dan Takaful.

tetapi dalam hal ini pada kenyataannya yang dapat kita lihat sekarang ini apakah bank-bank yang menganut sistem syariah benar-benar telah melakukan syariat islam seutuhnya ?? 

sebaiknya dalam hal ini kita kembali pada Al Qur'an, dan hanya prinsip-prinsip yang mendasar saja. Karena alasan-alasan yang sangat tepat, Al Qur'an dan Sunnah banyak sekali membahas tentang bagaimana seharusnya kaum Muslim berprilaku sebagai produsen,konsumen dan pemilik modal, tetapi hanya sedikit tentang sistem ekonomi. Sebagaimana diungkapkan dalam pembahasan diatas, ekonomi dalam Islam harus mampu memberikan kesempatan seluas-luasnya kepada setiap pelaku usaha. Selain itu, ekonomi syariah menekankan empat sifat, antara lain:

Kesatuan (unity)

Keseimbangan (equilibrium)

Kebebasan (free will)

Tanggungjawab (responsibility)

Manusia sebagai wakil (khalifah) Tuhan di dunia tidak mungkin bersifat individualistik, karena semua (kekayaan) yang ada di bumi adalah milik Allah semata, dan manusia adalah kepercayaannya di bumi. Didalam menjalankan kegiatan ekonominya, Islam sangat mengharamkan kegiatan riba, yang dari segi bahasa berarti "kelebihan". Dalam Al Qur'an surat Al Baqarah ayat 275 disebutkan bahwa "Orang-orang yang makan (mengambil) riba. Riba itu ada dua macam : nasiah dan fadhi. Riba nasiah ialah pembayaran lebih yang disyaratkan oleh orang yang meminjamkan. Riba fadhi ialah penukaran suatu barang dengan barang yang sejenis, tetapi lebih banyak jumlahnya karena orang yang menukarkan mensy"

bila sistem ekonomi syariah di jalankan secara benar maka proses bisnis yang berjalan akan menuju falah.

"Terimakasih"

Management Procces Bussines

Changes in our lives very quickly each time. Working system that can be used today may not be used for conditions as today or tomorrow. A menajer mengatahui that a successful organization is an organization that can adapt to the changes. Business process describes how managers analyze, redesign, and improve business processes they manage, so that managers can know how a company can achieve efficiencies by integrating and improving their business processes and align their business processes with corporate strategies and objectives.
Organization as a System
System perspective emphasizes that everything is connected to the others, and it is useful for process and business models in terms of the feedback current.
The idea of ​​treating the business as a system is very simple, especially when present. In the system emphasizes the connections, relationships and flows. It is directed that any employee or unit is part of a larger entity working together, to produce the output you want to achieve.
Business Process
Business process management based on the observation that any company that supplied products to the market is the result of a number of activities performed. Business processes is a key instrument for organizing this event and to improve understanding of the interrelationships process.
A business process consists of a series of activities carried out in coordination of technical and organizational environment. These activities jointly realize business goals. Every business process has been established by an organization to interact with business processes performed by other organizations.
A business process management concepts, methods, and techniques to support the design, administration, configuration, implementation, and analysis of business processes. Basic business process management is the explicit representation of the business process activities and barriers to implementation.
Business Process Analysis
Business Process Analysis study and understand how the activities and functions of a business process can be run in accordance with the achievement of organizational goals. The purpose of business process analysis is to understand the relationship among business processes that are running with the achievement of the vision and mission of the organization. In addition, business process analysis aims to study a collection of processes and activities of an organization's business processes and study how far the business processes of the organization's goals.
Analysis of business processes using business process modeling tenik ie validation, simulation and verification. Business process modeling is a way to understand, design and analyze a process. In the modeling process, the company can perform the integration, analysis and increase performance of the business management process. Also able to identify critical paths and bottlenecks that may occur and to set Key Performance Indicator of the goals of the organization.
Business Process Design
Business process design is a detailed explanation of how the parts of the system are implemented. when viewed from the business process life cycle, then in the design stage, the system is identified and modeled business processes.


At this stage of research on the business processes and the organization and techniques of the company. Based on this, business processes can be identified, reviewed, validated, and is described in business process models
Stages In Business Process Analysis and Design

    * Validation Stage: This stage is the validation of the initial design of business processes built. A useful instrument for validating business processes is a workshop. Workshop will ensure that all business processes are represented by valid business process model.
    * Phase Simulation: simulation techniques can be used to support the validation, because the order of execution which may be undesirable can be simulated to show the flaws in the process model. Business process simulation enables stakeholders to go through the process in a gradual manner and sequence to check whether the process has indeed as expected.
    * Step Verification: Business process actually analyzed and improved in such a way that the business process model is a business process desired.
    * Identify and Business Process Modeling: after going through the verification stage business process identified which roughly correspond to the new business processes to improve efficiency and achieve company goals.

System and Value Chain
Currently, the basic emphasis on comprehensive business process pioneered by Michael Porter in 1985 in his book, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. In Competitive Advantage he elaborates on the concept of a value chain that collects all the activities in an effort to design, memprodukasi, market, deliver and support a production line.

It is important for Porter's concept is that each function involved in the production, and all the support services, information technology and accounting, should be included in the value of a single chain.
The purpose of this value chain analysis is to identify the stages of the value chain where the firm can increase value to customers or to lower costs. Cost reduction or increase in value added (Value added) to make the company more competitive.

 

author by Ahmad Rifai Za (/www.rifaizaonline.co.cc)